Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar dados sobre a eficácia de anti-helmínticos em rebanhos ovinos no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, e discutir a interpretação do teste de redução da contagem de ovos nas fezes (TRCOF) para cada gênero de nematoide. A contagem de ovos fecais (OPG) e coprocultura pré e pós-tratamento foram realizadas para avaliar a eficácia e a prevalência geral do parasito, respectivamente. Um teste de eficácia adicional foi realizado na Fazenda # 1 após um ano do teste inicial. Resistência anti-helmíntica grave foi encontrada, não havendo sensibilidade no TRCOF em nenhuma das 22 fazendas avaliadas. No entanto, na análise das larvas infectantes observou-se que algumas drogas foram eficazes contra certos gêneros parasitários; por exemplo, o levamisol foi mais eficaz contra Haemonchus spp. e a moxidectina contra Trichostrongylus spp. No TRCOF adicional realizado na Fazenda 1, a moxidectina e o nitroxinil foram ineficazes separadamente, mas quando aplicados em combinação, foram altamente eficazes devido à sua eficácia contra Haemonchus spp. (nitroxinil) e Trichostrongylus spp. (moxidectina), respectivamente. O TRCOF visando às espécies de nematoides parasitas prevalentes nas fazendas pode possibilitar a escolha de anti-helmínticos mais eficazes.

Abstract The aim here is to present data on the efficacy of anthelmintics in sheep flocks in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and to discuss the interpretation of the fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) for each nematode genus. Fecal eggs counts and pre- and post-treatment coprocultures were performed, the former to evaluate the efficacy of and the latter to determine the overall parasite prevalence. An additional efficacy test was performed at Farm # 1 a year after the initial test. Severe anthelmintic resistance was found for the flocks, with no FECRT sensitivity at any of the 22 farms evaluated. However, an analysis of the infective larvae showed that some drugs were effective against certain parasitic genera; i.e., levamisole was more effective against Haemonchus spp. and moxidectin against Trichostrongylus spp. In the additional FECRT performed at Farm # 1, moxidectin and nitroxynil were ineffective separately, but when applied in combination they were highly effective due to their efficacy against Haemonchus (nitroxynil) and Trichostrongylus (moxidectin), respectively. The use of the FECRT targeting the parasitic nematode species prevalent on farms may make it possible to choose more effective anthelmintics.

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of NaCl added to water during silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) transportation on stress and meat quality. Physiological indicators of stress (cortisol, glucose, circulating ions and liver glycogen) and meat quality parameters (rigor mortis, pH, instrumental color, psychotropic aerobic count and sensory analysis) were assessed. Adult silver catfish (n=380) were distributed in four experimental groups: T1: non-transported; T2: transported without NaCl water addition; T3: transported with 8.0-g NaCl L–1 water addition; T4: transported with 12.0-g NaCl L–1 water addition. The addition of NaCl was not effective at reducing blood cortisol in silver catfish (P>0.05). An osmotic imbalance was detected as an increase in sodium and calcium levels in the NaCl treatment groups. The 12.0-g NaCl L–1 treatment showed rigor mortis evolution in lesser time than the other treatments, and also presented redder meat color. The NaCl addition in transport water do not mitigate the stress in silver catfish, and in high concentrations (12.0-g L–1) was unfavorable for the homeostasis of fish and have negatively affected its meat quality.

Abstract The shelf life extending effect of different modified atmospheres packages (MAP): vacuum (MAP-1), 69.6% N2 + 30% CO2 + 0.4% CO (MAP-2) and 70% O2 + 30% CO2 (MAP-3) on lamb meat at two slaughter ages (4 and 8-month-old) was assessed. pH decreased as slaughter age (SA) increased, and increased during longer storage time (ST), with no MAP effects. Lamb meat stored in MAP-1 and MAP-3 showed greater drip loss than that stored in MAP-2. Shear force was not influenced by SA and MAP treatments, but decreased during ST. Meat from 8-month-old lambs packaged in MAP-3 at longer ST resulted in lipid oxidation increase. MAP-2 enhanced color saturation and lamb meat redness, whereas MAP-3 showed lowest redness and chroma values, and highest aerobic psychrotropic count. Meat from 4-month-old lamb stored in MAP-3 presented shortest shelf life based on psychrotropic bacteria growth. The association of higher SA with high O2 MAP proved to compromise oxidative stability of lamb meat, adversely affecting its shelf life. Vacuum and CO packaging showed similar effects on lamb meat preservation; however, CO had advantage in maintaining fresh red color of meat.